Cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, represent two of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. Several risk factors increase the risk for coronary disease and stroke.These risk factors can be divided into those that are modifiable (eg, lipid disorders, hypertension, cigarette, smoking) and those that are not (eg, gender, age, family history of early coronary disease).Impressive declines in age-specific mortality rates from heart disease and stroke have been achieved in all age groups in North America during the past two decades, in large part through improvement of modifiable risk factors: reductions in cigarette smoking, improvements in lipid levels, and more aggressive detection and treatment of hypertension.
This section considers the role of screening for cardiovascular risk and the use of effective therapies to reduce such risk.
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